The US picture, with its remarkable combination of poor health outcomes despite the highest levels of health spending per capita, is even more stark and disturbing when examined at the local level. The lack of insurance and associated health risks will play out differently across US counties both because of huge variations in the numbers of people lacking insurance and behavioral, environmental, and social risks to health.
The challenges for the US health care system are intimately intertwined with health outcome disparities. Tracking county disparities after 2002 until 2009 was impossible, because the US government did not release county-level mortality data during this time period. These disparities have been growing since 1983, but the most recent assessment is from 1999, now more than a decade old. Larger disparities across counties and race/ethnicity groups within counties have been documented. In the US, life expectancy ranged from 70.0 for black male Americans and 80.8 for white females to 85.7 years for Asian-American females in 2007. US racial/ethnic and geographic health disparities are vast.
#Life expectancy in us for males how to#
Despite legislation, consensus on how to move ahead remains elusive. To a lesser extent, the debate has also focused on poor health outcomes for the US relative to other nations. The debate has highlighted the high and growing costs of health care to the nation, 16.2% of GDP in 2008, and the nation's uniquely high rates of lack of insurance compared with other high-income countries. Over the past year, the United States has undergone a vigorous legislative and public debate on reform of the health care system leading to passage of new health care legislation. Efforts to address these issues will need to tackle the leading preventable causes of death. At the same time, relative performance for most communities continues to drop. The US has extremely large geographic and racial disparities, with some communities having life expectancies already well behind those of the best-performing nations. Between 20, 80% (men) and 91% (women) of American counties fell in standing against this international life expectancy standard. County life expectancy for black men ranges from 59.4 to 77.2 years, with counties ranging from seven to over 50 calendar years behind the international frontier for black women, the range is 69.6 to 82.6 years, with counties ranging from eight to over 50 calendar years behind.
#Life expectancy in us for males series#
When compared against a time series of life expectancy in the 10 nations with the lowest mortality, US counties range from being 15 calendar years ahead to over 50 calendar years behind for men and 16 calendar years ahead to over 50 calendar years behind for women. ResultsĪcross US counties, life expectancy in 2007 ranged from 65.9 to 81.1 years for men and 73.5 to 86.0 years for women.
We calculate the number of calendar years behind each county is in 20 compared to an international life expectancy time series. Life expectancy rates and changes in life expectancy for counties are compared to the life expectancies across nations in 20.
We propose, validate, and apply novel methods to estimate recent life tables for small areas to generate up-to-date estimates. We use newly released mortality data by age, sex, and county for the US from 2000 to 2007 to compute life tables separately for each sex, for all races combined, for whites, and for blacks. US disparities can be seen more clearly in the context of how progress in each county compares to international trends. It is critical to tracking progress of health reform legislation to have an up-to-date assessment of disparities in life expectancy across counties. Large disparities in health outcomes are well-documented in the US, but the most recent assessment of county disparities in mortality is from 1999.
The United States health care debate has focused on the nation's uniquely high rates of lack of insurance and poor health outcomes relative to other high-income countries.
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